The suspension system is a critical component of a vehicle's chassis, directly impacting driving comfort, handling stability, and tire grip. Common suspension types are mainly divided into independent and non-independent categories. Independent suspensions (e.g., MacPherson strut, double-wishbone, multi-link) allow wheels to move independently, making them ideal for front-wheel-drive or high-performance vehicles by reducing road shocks and improving steering precision. Non-independent suspensions (e.g., torsion beam) feature simpler structures and lower costs, often used for rear wheels to balance lightweight design and affordability. Additionally, air suspensions adjust ride height and stiffness via air pressure, while active suspensions use sensors and electronic controls to optimize damping in real time, enhancing driving performance across diverse road conditions.